PMP Question #008 – A Discontinued Product

PMP Exam Question Practice,

During a working group meeting, a stakeholder raises the concern that the product you are working on will be discontinued in 5 months. You were not aware of this and your project budget has already been approved until the scheduled delivery, which is also in 5 months. What should you do next?

What Won’t Work

Keeping the project going and assuming the discontinued product is not your responsibility isn’t the right course of action. This ignores the core issue: if the product is being discontinued, the project may not deliver value.

Changing the project scope to work on a different product so your project remains relevant also isn’t the answer – this completely changes the project and the product. It would require a new business case and new approval.

Asking for additional funding to improve the product simply to prevent discontinuation is unlikely to create business value and is not a project manager’s decision to make.

What You Should Do

Schedule a meeting with the project sponsor immediately. Share the information about the product discontinuation. Present a recommendation to terminate the project.

Why This Matters

As a project manager, your focus must always be on delivering value to the organization. If the product is being discontinued in 5 months, completing a project that supports that product will not deliver value. Continuing to spend time and money on a project that produces obsolete deliverables is not ethical.

Have the difficult conversation with your sponsor. Recommend termination or significant scope changes based on the new business reality.

– David McLachlan

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Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

PMP Question #007 – Ethical Leadership on Your Team

PMP Exam Question Practice,

You are managing a project team mostly made up of men. Recently, Jane was hired for her high expertise in the brands that make up your industry. You notice she has been left out of some key meetings and others are overlooking her opinions. You also notice she is being paid significantly less than her male colleagues. What will you do next?

What Won’t Work

We shouldn’t just accept the lower pay as a cost saving for the project and keep it quiet, as it’s not the most ethical approach. Just because she is paid less does not mean the team should benefit while Jane is undercompensated.

We also shouldn’t just document her knowledge in case she leaves so the company is protected. While this might be practical, it does not address the core problem and misses the ethical issue entirely.

If we just do nothing and accept that this is just how the industry works, this normalizes unethical behavior and ignores your responsibility as a leader.

What You Should Do

Take immediate steps to update her pay to match the same range as her male colleagues doing similar work. Pay equity, especially for a valued team member, is ethically conscious and will ensure fairness throughout the team.

Actively seek Jane’s opinion and advice specifically during each meeting. Make it clear that her expertise is valued. Include her in key decisions and give her a voice in strategic discussions.

Why This Matters

As a project manager, you set the culture of your team. When you allow bias or inequity to go unchallenged, you can lose team talent and trust. On the other hand, when you actively create an inclusive environment where all voices are heard and people are treated fairly, your team performs better and your project succeeds.

Ethics in project management starts with how you treat people.

– David McLachlan

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Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

PMP Question #006 – The Agile Manifesto

PMP Exam Question Practice,

In 2001, a group representing the most widely used lightweight software development methodologies agreed on a common set of values and principles known as the Agile Manifesto. Which of the following is one of the Agile Manifesto’s core values?

What Is NOT The Answer?

It is not developer negotiation over feature collaboration. It is not product owner interaction over Scrum Master delegation. It is not getting things right over getting the right things, though that sounds catchy.

What Is the Answer

The core value is customer collaboration over contract negotiation. The Agile Manifesto emphasizes working closely with customers and partners rather than being bound by rigid contracts and processes.

Agile Takes a Different Approach

Traditional project approaches rely heavily on detailed contracts that lock in requirements upfront. Agile takes a different approach. You work directly with customers, show them deliverables early and often and collaborate on changes as they see what has been built. When customers see working features, they understand the product better and can provide more valuable feedback.

The Agile Philosophy

Customer collaboration means you stay flexible. Requirements will change as customers learn more about what they actually need. Rather than fighting those changes, you embrace them. You incorporate feedback, adjust direction and continuously improve based on what you learn together.

This is the heart of agile thinking and one of the most important distinctions between agile and traditional project management approaches.

– David McLachlan

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PgMP Program Management CourseLearn Program Management – the PgMP Prep Course (10 PDUs)
Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

PMP Question #005 – Using a Velocity Chart

PMP Exam Question Practice,

You are working through the feature backlog with the product owner and they ask about the velocity chart hanging in the team area. What should you tell them?

A Velocity Chart is NOT:

A velocity chart does not measure how fast the project budget is being used up. It is not a measure of how quickly individual team members complete their work each day. It is not a count of how many team members are working on the agile project over its life cycle.

What It Actually Shows

A velocity chart displays the number of story points, tasks or features completed by the team in each given iteration or sprint. It is a measure of the team’s throughput over time.

How to Read It

The horizontal axis shows each sprint or iteration. The vertical axis shows the amount of work completed, typically measured in story points. Bars or a line trace the team’s output from sprint to sprint.

Why It Matters

Velocity is one of the most important metrics in agile. It tells you how much work the team can reliably complete in a single sprint. Once you know the team’s velocity, you can use it to forecast how long it will take to complete the entire product backlog. It also helps the team commit to realistic amounts of work in future sprints – to keep a sustainable pace.

The Conversation

Tell your product owner that the velocity chart shows how much work the team completes each sprint. A consistent velocity means predictable delivery. If velocity is trending up, the team may be getting more productive (as long as the estimates are not being intentionally skewed). If it is trending down, something could be slowing the team down and might need investigation.

– David McLachlan

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PgMP Program Management CourseLearn Program Management – the PgMP Prep Course (10 PDUs)
Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

PMP Question #004 – What Does a Burndown Chart Tell You?

PMP Exam Question Practice,

You are showing the project sponsor around your agile team area and they notice the burndown chart next to the Kanban board. They ask what it tells you. What should you say?

What A Burndown Chart Does Not Show

A burndown chart does not show return on investment for delivered features. It is not a measure of automated tests run as part of continuous integration. It does not track which team members are moving on and off the project.

What It Does Show

A burndown chart displays the remaining work versus what was planned for a given iteration or sprint. It is your planned versus actual performance for the sprint visualized on a single chart.

How to Read It

The vertical axis shows the amount of work remaining (usually in story points or tasks). The horizontal axis shows time progressing through the sprint. A line traces the actual work remaining as the sprint progresses. An ideal line shows where the work should be if everything is on track.

Why It Matters

The burndown chart gives the team and stakeholders a quick visual of whether the sprint is on track. If the actual line is tracking above the ideal line, the team is behind. If it is below, the team is ahead. This daily visibility helps the team make adjustments quickly.

The Conversation

Tell your sponsor that the burndown chart is a daily snapshot of sprint progress – planned versus actual. It shows whether the team will complete the committed work by the end of the sprint.

– David McLachlan

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PgMP Program Management CourseLearn Program Management – the PgMP Prep Course (10 PDUs)
Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

Use Netflix’s 4A Framework to Improve Your Team

Leadership, ,

If you want to build a high-performing project team this year, consider the 4A framework that Netflix used to build its culture of continuous improvement.

Appreciate Feedback

Netflix built a culture where feedback, whether positive or negative, is valued. Feedback is seen as a gift that helps people grow. Create an environment where your team knows that giving and receiving feedback is normal and expected.

Aim to Assist

When you give feedback, your goal should be to assist the person in improving, not to criticize or judge. Your feedback should come from a genuine desire to help them succeed. Frame it as support rather than complaint.

Make It Actionable

Do not give vague feedback. Make sure the feedback is specific and actionable. The person should know exactly what they did, why it matters and what they can do differently next time. Feedback without a path forward is not helpful.

Accept or Discard

Here is the powerful part. The person receiving the feedback gets to decide whether to use it or not. It is completely up to them. They can accept the feedback and implement it or discard it if they disagree. This removes defensiveness and creates psychological safety.

The Result

This framework transformed Netflix into a multi-billion dollar organization. Apply it to your team and watch the culture shift toward continuous improvement and trust.

– David McLachlan

You can see what people are saying about David McLachlan here: REVIEWS

Navigate to Free Project Management and Leadership Articles through the links on the right (or at the bottom if on Mobile) 

PMI PMP 35 PDUs CourseThe Ultimate PMP Project Management Prep Course (35 PDUs)
Agile Certified Practitioner (PMI-ACP 28 PDUs)The Complete PMI-ACP Course: (28 PDUs) 
PgMP Program Management CourseLearn Program Management – the PgMP Prep Course (10 PDUs)
Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

The Secret to Answering PMP Questions

PMP,

If you want to answer PMP questions correctly under pressure, follow this simple five-step approach. It works because it mimics how you would solve problems in real project management.

Step 1: Read the Question at the End First

Skip the long scenario initially. Go straight to the question mark. This tells you what problem you are actually solving. For example: “There is a dispute and not enough time for further discussion or compromise. What do you do next?”

Now you know exactly what you are looking for. This prevents you from getting lost in details.

Step 2: Identify Key Words

Go back and find the key words in the scenario. Is this about agile or waterfall? Is it about a particular issue like scope creep or quality? Who are the stakeholders involved? These key words point you toward the root cause.

Step 3: Be Direct and Collaborative

Project management problems require direct action and collaboration. Go directly to the person or team involved. Review the relevant documents like the issue log or scope management plan. Do not avoid the issue or work around it.

Step 4: Investigate Before Acting

Gather information. Listen to all sides. Understand the root cause, not just the symptoms. Then take action based on what you learned.

Step 5: Eliminate and Choose

Remove any answer choices that contradict the key words or the situation. For example, if the scenario says there is no time for compromise, eliminate any answer suggesting compromise. Choose from what remains.

Example Question:

In a conflict scenario with no time for compromise, the key words tell you that you need to act quickly and decisively. You eliminate collaborative problem-solving because there is no time. You eliminate avoidance because that does not solve anything. You choose the direct answer: make a firm decision and assign the task.

Practice This Method

Use this approach on every practice question. It trains your brain to think like a project manager under pressure. On exam day, this method becomes automatic.

– David McLachlan

You can see what people are saying about David McLachlan here: REVIEWS

Navigate to Free Project Management and Leadership Articles through the links on the right (or at the bottom if on Mobile) 

PMI PMP 35 PDUs CourseThe Ultimate PMP Project Management Prep Course (35 PDUs)
Agile Certified Practitioner (PMI-ACP 28 PDUs)The Complete PMI-ACP Course: (28 PDUs) 
PgMP Program Management CourseLearn Program Management – the PgMP Prep Course (10 PDUs)
Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

The PMP Is Hard – This Makes It Easy

PMP,

Studying for the PMP is genuinely difficult. But recent neuroscience research offers real encouragement for your journey.

What Happens in Your Brain

When you do hard things, a specific part of your brain actually grows. It is called the anterior cingulate cortex and it sits in your prefrontal cortex. This region controls planning, executive function and delayed gratification.

The Muscle Analogy

Think of your anterior cingulate cortex like a muscle. When you do push-ups, you do reps and the muscle gets stronger. Similarly, when you push through difficult tasks like PMP study sessions, this brain region actually gets bigger and stronger.

The Compounding Effect

As you keep doing hard things, your brain adapts. Each study session makes it easier to focus on the next one. Each practice exam builds your capacity. You are literally training your brain to handle difficult things more effectively.

What This Means for You

Every time you feel the study is hard and you push through it, you are building something and your brain is getting stronger. The next difficult task will feel slightly easier because you are putting in the reps.

So keep studying. Yes, it is hard. But with every rep, you are getting stronger and closer to passing your PMP exam.

– David McLachlan

You can see what people are saying about David McLachlan here: REVIEWS

Navigate to Free Project Management and Leadership Articles through the links on the right (or at the bottom if on Mobile) 

PMI PMP 35 PDUs CourseThe Ultimate PMP Project Management Prep Course (35 PDUs)
Agile Certified Practitioner (PMI-ACP 28 PDUs)The Complete PMI-ACP Course: (28 PDUs) 
PgMP Program Management CourseLearn Program Management – the PgMP Prep Course (10 PDUs)
Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

The ONE TRICK to passing your PMP

PMP,

There is one real secret to passing your PMP and it starts with doing practice questions and practice exams.

The Daily Habit

Just 20 minutes a day of practice questions will give you huge amounts of progress over time. Here is why. Every wrong answer reveals a gap in your knowledge. When you get a question wrong, you identify exactly which topic you need to study. Then you study that topic directly, review the concept and try similar questions again. With each cycle, your score improves and you get closer to exam readiness.

The Compounding Effect

This method works because it is targeted. You are not studying randomly. You are studying exactly what you do not yet know. Over weeks of consistent practice, these gaps disappear and your overall knowledge strengthens.

When to Do Them

The beauty of practice questions is that they fit into your life easily. Do them while travelling to work. Do them on your lunch break. Do them while waiting anywhere. If your 35-hour contact hour course includes practice questions, use them aggressively. Twenty minutes here, fifteen minutes there, ten minutes everywhere else. These small blocks add up.

Build With Full Practice Exams

Once you have built foundational knowledge through daily practice questions, do two full practice exams before the real exam. These serve two purposes.

First, they build your focus stamina. The real exam is four hours long. Your brain needs training to maintain concentration for that duration. A full practice exam replicates that pressure.

Second, they help you understand time pressure. You need to answer one question approximately every 1 minute and 15 seconds. A full exam teaches you what that pace feels like and how to manage your time accordingly. You learn which questions to flag and revisit and which to move through quickly.

The Math

The PMP exam has 180 questions and 240 minutes. That breaks down to roughly 1 minute and 15 seconds per question. This includes time for reading, thinking and selecting your answer. When you do full practice exams, you experience this time pressure firsthand. You learn whether your pace is sustainable. You learn which question types take you longer and which you can move through quickly.

Why This Works Better Than Reading

Reading textbooks and guides builds foundation knowledge. But the PMP exam is not about what you know. It is about how fast you can apply what you know under pressure. Practice questions train exactly this skill.

Reading teaches concepts. Practice exams teach speed and confidence and decision-making under time pressure. You need both. But if you only have time for one, choose practice questions.

The Path Forward

Start today with 20 minutes of practice questions. Make it a daily habit. Track which questions you get wrong and which topics come up repeatedly. Study those topics. Try again. Watch your score climb.

This is the one trick that works for thousands of PMP candidates every year. It will work for you too.

– David McLachlan

You can see what people are saying about David McLachlan here: REVIEWS

Navigate to Free Project Management and Leadership Articles through the links on the right (or at the bottom if on Mobile) 

PMI PMP 35 PDUs CourseThe Ultimate PMP Project Management Prep Course (35 PDUs)
Agile Certified Practitioner (PMI-ACP 28 PDUs)The Complete PMI-ACP Course: (28 PDUs) 
PgMP Program Management CourseLearn Program Management – the PgMP Prep Course (10 PDUs)
Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!

 

The Business Case – Know this for your PMP

PMP, ,

If you are going for your PMP this year, make sure you understand the project business case. It is one of the foundational documents in project management.

What Is a Business Case?

A business case is a feasibility study that presents a cost-to-benefit analysis. It answers the fundamental question: why are we spending the time, money and energy to deliver this project?

Who Creates It?

The business case is usually created by someone in the business, the project sponsor or a business analyst. However, the project manager can help ensure everything stays aligned with organizational strategy and that the business case translates clearly into the project charter.

What It Contains

A strong business case includes several key elements:

The business need describes what prompted the need for action. What problem are we trying to solve or what opportunity are we pursuing?

The current situation describes where you are now and where you want to be. It establishes the gap.

Solution options present alternative approaches to address the business need. Multiple options are evaluated so the best path is chosen.

A recommendation identifies the preferred solution. This recommendation becomes the project that will be approved and funded.

How It Connects

The business case becomes the project charter, which formally initiates the project and provides access to funding and resources. Once you have the charter approved, you develop the project management plan to detail how you will execute the work.

Why It Matters

The business case keeps your project aligned with business strategy. It ensures that the project you are running actually delivers the value the organization expects. Without a clear business case, a project can drift or deliver the wrong solution.

Know the business case concept and you understand how projects start.

– David McLachlan

You can see what people are saying about David McLachlan here: REVIEWS

Navigate to Free Project Management and Leadership Articles through the links on the right (or at the bottom if on Mobile) 

PMI PMP 35 PDUs CourseThe Ultimate PMP Project Management Prep Course (35 PDUs)
Agile Certified Practitioner (PMI-ACP 28 PDUs)The Complete PMI-ACP Course: (28 PDUs) 
PgMP Program Management CourseLearn Program Management – the PgMP Prep Course (10 PDUs)
Full PMP Exams to Pass on the First TryFour Full PMP Practice Exams (180 Qs each) to pass your PMP on the First Try!
PMP Cram Course – FULL PMP Course Condensed to just 8 hours! (12 PDUs)
Scrum Master Course PSMScrum Master Course (PSM)
Product Owner Course PSPOProduct Owner Course (PSPO)
Business Analyst CourseBusiness Analyst Course (10 PDUs)

Also available are my Project Management Templates – they’re a great way to save 100s of hours when you’re first starting out:

50 Project Management Templates Gantt Chart Risk Matrix and more Excel50+ Project Management Templates in Excel and PowerPoint (Excel Gantt Chart, Risk Matrix, RACI, Stakeholder Matrix and more!)
Project Management Plan TemplatesPre-made Project Management Plan Templates: Save 100 HOURS!